Why Indian Cinema Need a Serious and Hard-Core Science Fiction Film in its Credit.

Science and Cinema –The Twain shall always Meet

Opening impressive scene stills from movie P.K (2015)

 Open terrace in any Indian home acquires a quite special place in everybody life .Time when we used to live an un-airconditioned life it rescued us from the nights of ‘batti gul’ time in scorching summers .Sleeping upstairs in open thinking about stars and space while watching the vast night sky and making opinion about the possibility of universe and galaxies beyond, there was something deeply enigmatic in creating idea about comparing ourselves with a medieval age sailor who is standing at seaboard looking at the vast ocean and thinking about the unknown possibilities beyond the miles of water. The leaping success of India in space technology intersecting with recently released Hollywood flicks like Gravity and Interstellar dealing with hard science fiction became the hot talking point among Indians who usually are unmoved towards Hollywood big studios films.

Still scene from Film Interstellar (2014)

              


They enjoyed the film notwithstanding their age or taste. The romance between science and art which are traditionally at the opposite pole in the stream of scholastic study clearly established .Interstellar ran almost month similar like Titanic or Jurassic Park. This space epic was enjoyed for 2 specific reasons in India.

(1) The mass craze which was created due to the success of Mangalyan and Chandranyan (the 2 phenomenal maiden space mission by ISRO) .

2) The teenagers of India who born in 90’s and who are in actual unaware with Hollywood’s earlier made hard science fiction space voyage films but who usually go theatres for cheap staple of junk like Transformers or Avengers .
 

Shankar-One of the ace director from Chennai who is consciously trying to push a level of science fiction film in India

India is really craving for serious science fiction stuff entertainment which Indian film industry still not provided to them honestly. Today the success of NASA which made America a space daring nation owe much allegiance to the Holly wood which exploited the scientific inquisitiveness of Americans by creating a entertainment market viciously profiting by enhancing the imaginative craze and scientific quest of people by showing sometime as bizarre and z grade like “attack of 50 foot women” !! To spiritually creative like “2001 space odyssey” the one made by Stanly Kubrick in late 60’s.The rationality-irrationality, truth-untruth, pseudo science- hard science, possibility-impossibility was not at all the issue when these movies were made. Since 50s specially during the cold war era the one or other American cities attacked by some alien or extraterrestrial enemy or eco terror either emerging from water or coming from space resoluting to destroy their country and every time a typical Anglo Saxon hero shown romantic, brave, rational and scientifically enlightened inventing technique to kill the threat .If family drama was a typical staple for Indians for many decade similarly the mad crave for achieving fabled dominance over world was continuously reflecting into their cinematic energy which in some way consciously echoed the sense of weakness and helplessness against Russian power dominance and pain inflicted by Vietnamese on Americans .Post second world war Hollywood was practically a propaganda arm of the space race against Russian . (Russian failed not because they were lacking vision in establishing powerful glamorous cinema but the very freedom of expression which is needed to establish professional and commercialy viable artful film culture and also in some way the incompetence of communism to put a credible, intellectual and calculative debate against western capitalist model of their relevancy).There was hunger for exploring stories of strange lands , hostile territories .Space was exciting, unpredictable but fun and yet it was dangerous too but humans would rise up to the challenges offered by countless aliens and predators . 
Traditionaly the Indian cinema was always dominated by the non creative- profit making vultures of Sindhi and Punjabi refugees who instead of creating a market and molding the taste of people overtly bethralled themselves for catering to taste and poor choice of people. With no serious writing in script making or any subjective research on board Indian films though technically ade hupt suffered continuously from lack of intellectual and creative thought in their celluloid while in due time the film making technology completely circumvented good story writing. 

In season 5 of Game of Thrones, the Indian subsidiary of Prana Studios designed the "set and crowd extensions". This massive task was executed in partnership with an American visual animation studio, Rhythm and Hues.

This isn't the first Indian VFX company that has left a noticeable mark on Hollywood biggies. Hollywood movies are increasingly depending on Indian VFX firms. One name that particularly stands out is Prime Focus, an Indian VFX studio that won this year's Oscar for Best Visual Effects in Interstellar.

Cinema like Interstellar or Gravity or any hard science fiction films cannot be made without any logistical input provided by respected scientist or author on story board. Interstellar had theoretical physicist Kip Thorpe as Scientific Consultant, just as Contact made in (1997) had Carl Sagan an American astronomer, cosmologist, astrophysicist. Stanly Kubrick subcontracted N.A.S.A scientists Frederick Ordway III and Harry Lange for his “ODYSSEY”. James Cameron hired USC professor and linguist Dr. Paul Frommer to engineer the dialect for aliens in his epic adventure Avatar (2010) from scratch, resulting in a respectable, self-sufficient vocabulary of about a thousand words bound by a consistent sound system, grammar and syntax .Similarly NASA Astronaut Cady Coleman gave valuable insight to Sandra bullock for her role in Gravity the space epic came in 2014 .These hired expert serves as the guide path in these ambitious projects accomplish by big cinema studios which are solely established by big corporate mafia of Americas who make insidious alignment with their state to sell an Idea and soft power agenda of their country.

Khaleesi's dragons in Game of Thrones were born in India! Yes, they were conceptualised in Goregaon, Mumbai, by the Indian arm of an LA-based 3D, animation and visual effects company, Prana Studios, with a brief as simple as this: "Create not just creatures, but characters."
And so the work began. Over 800 visual experts, artists, animators, sound managers, and technology specialists got their heads together to create three massive characters that are Khaleesi's dragons - Drogon, Rhaegal, and Viserion.

 
According to Peter Jackson, Oscar-winning visionary behind ‘The Lord of the Rings’ and recently ‘District 9’ truly quoted “Every once in a while, we will see a movie that transcends cultural barriers, genre and taste—a film that lives on in the minds of the audience, years after the fact, a film with a story, characters and dialogue so memorable that it creates its own mythology,”. 

Now their popular cinema is accentuating on stories where infra human power and capability are enhanced up to the unchallenged level of enormousness and normal human beings are turning into super hero by using ultra secrete power gadgets. These sharpest, innovative, larger than awe inspiring gadgets and accessories are just pointing towards the possibilities and very soon going to be used as proximate strategy which human (read as west military technology) is surely going to employ against their adversaries .In other words our future world belongs to people achieving Batman and Spider man kind of simulated capabilities for dominating a world. These movies can be easily discarded as commercial escapist but they are surely posing a motivational rough map in front of young aspiring Anglo Saxon scientists and academics to work for supplementing muscular depth and teeth to their military and intelligence. The possibility can not be ruled out.

NASA Astronaut Cady Coleman gave valuable insight to Sandra bullock for her role in Gravity the space epic came in 2014

Narendra Modi proudly announced that the cost incurred on Mangalyan project was less than half of movie Gravity however the cost of not producing and cinematicaly shying to explore and popularize the idea of hard science on our young mind through films will cost incalculably expensive for our civilization than some million finance incurred on movies like Gravity and Interstellar .Its time that our film fraternity set its priority right otherwise we Indians will always be on strategic back foot and will be living in future getting continuously “astonished” and “overwhelmed” by watching American military technology doing “adventures” in our world . So when we are going to see our own district 9?. Probably when our filmmakers and ISRO scientist sitting together discussing about possible script for executing any science epic adventure on celluloid (of course along with song and dance that’s not going anywhere!) 

Prime Focus Studio Mumbai Over  80,000 square-foot Mumbai facility houses seven theaters and thousands of VFX, 3D conversion and Animation seats, and also offers a complete slate of post production services. It is one of the largest, busiest and most technologically advanced facilities in Asia, and works directly with six other facilities throughout India, including  key hubs in Chandigarh, Hyderabad and Goa, that house an additional 1,500 plus artists and members of our global production teams.

Global Firepower (GFP) Database Ranking Put India At No. 4 With Power Index Rating of 0.1661

GFP Ranking 2016 

Indian Cavalry Parade

Global Firepower (GFP) continues to provide its unique analytical display of data concerning modern military powers. Over 125 powers are considered in the ranking which allows for a broad spectrum of comparisons to be achieved concerning relative military strengths.The GFP ranking is based largely on each nation's potential conventional war-making capability across land, sea and air. The final ranking incorporates values related to resources, finances and geography and over 50 different factors make up the final GFP ranking, delivering the "PowerIndex" value with bonuses and penalties applied where appropriate. Updates to the list are attempted annually or when new information / corrections warrant them.

The finalized ranking relies on over 50 factors to determine a given nation's Power Index ("PwrIndx") score. This allows smaller, though more technologically-advanced, nations to compete with larger, lesser-developed ones. Modifiers in the form of bonuses and penalties are added to refine the list. Some things to observe in regards to the finalized ranking:

  Ranking does not simply rely on the total number of weapons available to any one country but rather focuses on weapon diversity within the number totals to provide a better balance of firepower available (i.e. fielding 100 minesweepers does not equal the strategic and tactical value of fielding 10 aircraft carriers).
• Nuclear stockpiles are NOT taken into account but recognized / suspected nuclear powers receive a bonus.
• Geographical factors, logistical flexibility, natural resources and local industry influence the final ranking.
• Available manpower is a key consideration; nations with large populations tend to rank higher.
• Land-locked nations are NOT penalized for lack of a navy; naval powers ARE penalized for lack of diversity in available assets.
• NATO allies receive a slight bonus due to the theoretical sharing of resources.
• Current political / military leadership is NOT taken into account.

Celebrating Trainee cadre at IMA

INDIA MILITARY STRENGTH 
  
Ranked as 4 of 126 GFP Power Index rating of 0.1661 (0.0000 being perfect)

MANPOWER - Going beyond military equipment totals and perceived fighting strength is the actual manpower that drives a given military. Wars of attrition favor those with more.
  Total Population: 1,251,695,584
  Available Manpower: 616,000,000
  Fit for Service: 489,600,000
  Reaching Military Age Annually: 22,900,000
  Active Frontline Personnel: 1,325,000
  Active Reserve Personnel: 2,143,000

 LAND SYSTEMS - Tank value includes Main Battle Tanks, light tanks and tank destroyers, either wheeled or tracked. AFV value includes Armored Personnel Carriers (APCs) and Infantry Fighting Vehicles (IFVs).
   Tanks: 6,464
  Armored Fighting Vehicles (AFVs): 6,704
  Self-Propelled Guns (SPGs): 290
  Towed-Artillery: 7,414
  Multiple-Launch Rocket Systems (MLRSs): 292

 AIR POWER - Includes both fixed-wing and rotary-wing aircraft from all branches of service.
     Total Aircraft: 2,086
     Fighters/Interceptors: 679 
     Fixed-Wing Attack Aircraft: 809
     Transport Aircraft: 857
     Trainer Aircraft: 318
     Helicopters: 646
    Attack Helicopters: 19

NAVAL POWER - Aircraft Carrier value includes dedicated "helicopter carrier" vessels. Total naval strength includes all known auxiliaries as well.
  Total Naval Strength: 295
  Aircraft Carriers: 2
  Frigates: 14
  Destroyers: 10
  Corvettes: 26
  Submarines: 14
  Coastal Defense Craft: 135
  Mine Warfare: 6  


RESOURCES (PETROLEUM) - Despite the advances made in battlefield technology, oil remains the lifeblood of any fighting force and supporting economy.
  Oil Production: 767,600 bbl/day
  Oil Consumption: 3,510,000 bbl/day
  Proven Oil Reserves: 5,675,000,000 bbl 


LOGISTICAL - War is as much a battle of logistics - moving man and machine from / to points all over - as it is direct combat. Labor Force adds to available wartime industry strength.
    Labor Force: 492,400,000
   Merchant Marine Strength: 340
   Major Ports and Terminals: 7
   Roadway Coverage: 3,320,410
   Railway Coverage: 63,974
   Serviceable Airports: 346


FINANCIAL (in USD) - Regardless of strength in numbers, war is still driven by financing as much as any one leader or weapon.
     Defense Budget: $40,000,000,000
     External Debt: $459,100,000,000
     Reserves of Foreign Exchange and Gold: $370,700,000,000
     Purchasing Power Parity: $7,411,000,000,000


GEOGRAPHY (in km) - Geographical values primarily figure into a defensive-minded war (i.e. invasion).
     Square Land Area: 3,287,263 km
     Coastline: 7,000 km
     Shared Border: 13,888 km
     Waterways: 14,500 km

                                           

 (Source)* http://www.globalfirepower.com/countries-listing.asp

Movements Making Our Time

After 500-1000 yrs when our time will be read as history Year 2012 will be acquiring a very significant space in chapters of memorabilia .Today when we analyze the way in which the streets of India witnessed the series of non stop protest in year 2012 it gives us strong feeling of astronomical significance as some political script intervened by divine when our country hailed the commotion of significant movements on its arrival .Post 2012 Our politics will never be the same. We must be thankful to us that we were present to witness these two major global events happened in our country.

1-Anna anti corruption movement

2-Protest against bus rape in Delhi .

These were the people’s movement in true sense. The protest and grumble were directly coming out of the heart of the people for universal cause of saving the moral of humanity. The movement were truly secular, honest and direct in its aspiration .People who were shouting supremely aware that what they were shouting for? With clear specific motive without any funded provocation with a burning desire of bringing a change in functioning of administrative machinery and institution .The vision of crowd was clear and beyond a shadow of a doubt showing strong posturing at India’s democratic nation state symbols. People shouted “this is a solution and you implement it” .The protest and movement happened all around the world like Arab spring and protests during G8 summit cannot be even nearly compared with these two great intellectual movement occurred on the street of India We people and world at large should actually thanks ourselves to witness high level protest. The world at large can learn a lot from modern democratic, secular, intellectual society like that ourselves and can emulate it according to their own ethnic culture .However some sadistic media from some countries adopted their own traditional approach of simplistic propaganda against India instead of looking it as some kind of inspiration and source of enrichment for their own rotten and decaying societies they resorted to vulgarism or self denial feared that these protest can spark same fire in their own continent.

                                                         








Some thinkers tried to hyphenate this civil protest with Middle East’s spring revolt intentionally unrealising that protest in India was against a democratic elected government, protest in India was for change the way in which the administration and public institution run in India, protest in India was ignited by people who elect their leaders through free and fair voting , protest in India was for again re establishing the Constitutional notion of equality before the law and equal protection of law , protest in India moreover was peaceful .People used peaceful march and slogan to mark the protest .People came in street breaching all the boundaries of class, caste, sex and religion to celebrate an idea of true liberal and progressive state. While Arab spring was nothing but a usual violent protest by failed clan based societies deeply embedded in religionism where concept of state is defined by the identity of religion. The outcome of failure of Arab “spring” was not surprising but on other hand the result of 2012 INDIAN REVOLUTION was phenomenal .It change the course of politics the way it runs in our country and made people responsive about gender equality and institutional reforms. What happened in India 2012 cannot be compared with what usual happens in G8 protest which is nothing but a sex weekend for camp lovers and hooligan who are paid to shout, quack and throw fires bottles at authorities to showcase and project the importance of these political events .Western societies not surprisingly tried to downplayed the intellectual achievement the movement achieved in India .They are certainly convenient with failed and weedy states which still follows medieval clan base society pattern but not convenient with something superior happening in other democratic and free country like India which challenges their own position and idea about institutional development in modern nation states “when chips are down these civilized people eat each other” certainly for any country who also gives primacy to spirituality along with cogent module in making of modern nation states will difficult to find resonance with such anarchic thought involved in building of society which inevitably betray the ugly face in time of war with naked greed and voracity as what we see happened in both world wars where the most ‘civilized’ people on earth became the most un civilized people on the earth never witnessed by history of mankind before.   
   

American society constantly suffered from the "attic culture” built in their home which became more or less the hub of corruption and all sort of unnatural crime like cannibalism, bestiality, pedophilia, incest –countless instances of father enchaining and hiding his own daughters constantly raping her for half life producing illegitimate babies, psychopath butchering people and hiding bodies them in their unholy basement for years without any trace and suspect -the society which takes proud in being following individualistic pattern of social lifestyle certainly have very extensive history of such crime still continuing today that a long epic can be written and still be updated on monthly basis .Every month (in many unreported case) some gun tottering frustrated hallucinated psycho enter in school and use his bullet on innocent student fulfilling his dream of blood salvation .India anti corruption movement would have provided them the golden opportunity to renew their society by spreading awareness against such moral, cultural and social crime deeply inhibited in their hyper nuclear society. Today American society does not need a debate on their govt’s espionage activity, rights of Julian Assange or Iraq war but the population of unmarried pregnant mothers who end up become prostitute or involve in flesh trade and black negroes who are still living at the edge of the society and the severe chronic hunger 64 p% of American are facing daily.

Since18th century especially after the ‘invention’ of nation states there is a pattern of tendency among nations to doze themselves with hyper trance of self supremacy to constantly boost themselves with delusion of confidence first the Britain followed by German, Japan , America, Russia and now the Chinese doing the same not realizing they are almost looking like a stupid laughable clown by behaving “oh look we arrived too”. These border skirmishes is nothing but sign of nuisance occurring by their “arrival”. Certainly Britain too with more than half of the population is living in deplorable poverty, hunger, unemployment depreciating in education and science, following corrupt homosexual lifestyle, where more than 90% of population born through invalid means without any proper system of legal marriages but still have time to say “oh look we are still kicking!!” however when the delusion and quest of powers shatters and “chips are down” due to severe in competency there is a hysterical obsession and concern of deceiving self by taking cover behind shouting about supposed problem of morally and ethically superior societies which is doing fine in compare with them.

Indian protesters shout slogans as policemen use water canon to disperse them during a march towards the Presidential Palace in New Delhi, India, Saturday, Dec. 22, 2012. Police used tear gas and water cannons to push back thousands of people who tried to

A protester at a demonstration over the Indian government's handling of rape cases braced herself against

 The  moral of the lesson is that through these social movements India is offering a lot to world which can be great learning experience for other countries however it needs honest intention to acknowledge it .

Unanswered Contentions

Ayodhya verdict delivered by Lucknow high court bench (recently stayed by S.C) opened the new course where possible negotiation and further re-negotiation could be made to find a common ground where solution could be acceptable to both the parties. However the title suit where histories and faiths were also the question of grievances i.e. (What destroyed first? temple or mosque?) kept people and scholars remain clueless about the future of cultural relationship between Hindu and Muslim which is still swinging in limbo. The enthusiasts who regarded Ayodhya dispute as a last thorn in the flesh of Hindu Muslim troubled relationship are too naive to acknowledge the fundamental differences exist between these two evolved streams. The self and a mutual perception of both communities will remain be a determining factor in 21st century while dealing with each other. There exists severe fundamental philosophical contention which must be addressed and answered if everlasting peace has to be arrived.

But before to understand and solve a complex matrix exists between these two streams the relationship of Hinduism with other ‘ism’ needed to be analyzed. Since independence the relationship of Hindus with other religion having Indic and non Indic origin is peaceful and conveniently settled with some minor occasional frictions which can be only considered as exceptions in long peaceful relationship and there is two specific reason for that -

1:Insignificant population of follower of other non-indic belief system ;

2:A confirmed and time immemorial following of those cultural traditions by other religions to which Hindus are convenient with for example the wearing of traditional Indic (bindi-sarees) attire by Parsees women , Christians ordinarily using Hindu names as their first name thus unapologetically accepting their historically converted status and also using a localized ethnic traditions in expressing their mode of worship ;

3: Other innumerous offshoots religions (Buddhism ,Jainism , Sikhs, Baha’is etc) following Sanskritized traditions like idol worshiping and rituals similar to Vedic pattern

Thus in day to day living these communities reflexively follows the tradition and mores of Hindus in such a way that even inter-religious marriages goes without inviting any major trouble which in case against Mohammedans adopts a complete different picture .There are various visible line of differences between these two stream which can’t be ignored neither any sensible scholar try to adopt escapist approach in trying discussing it which is normal tendency in our day to day media debate and or in any editorial writings . The major factors responsible for contention as follows:-

1: A sizable population though not very crucial but notwithstanding any percentage created fault lines in many spheres like- Kerala, Kashmir, Karnataka, Varanasi etc.

2: A very powerful natural belief inherited in Hindus that being a progenitor of Indic civilization the god and legends they worship in temple and home born on this very land, who’s books and epics conveys the stories, event, mythologies and poetries related with this part of geography so their relationship with India is not that of a nature which bear mere nation state affinity but that of a spiritual ‘oneness’ with a land who’s civilization continuity can’t be questioned.

3: Thus Hinduism is a core belief system of India without it the very character of India won’t be survived.

4: A self persuaded belief in especially upper elite class Mohammedans that they are offspring of some distant tribe who entered in this sub-continent 1000 yrs ago and ruled till the advent of British, this perception became more acute and severe specially after the disastrous defeat of Pakistan in 1971 Bangladesh war. This phony belief was generated to boost and re-ignite themselves with confidence and self pride to overcome the supposed shame which Hindu India inflicted on psychology of Muslim Pakistan.

5: Thus Islam as an identity in sub-continent is not just something to be proud of but became a divine legitimacy to make disappear and erase the memory of their own overwhelmingly Hindu past which must be forgotten at any cost.
In near future none of the above stated self-belief seems in a mood of temperance to retract a bit and to create a space of common understanding but uncompromisingly locked in a sense of self superiority and there the crux of the problem lies.

India just like any other nation state of 21st century bear a tendency to characterize herself and to show gratitude for her crucial achievements to its very own unique values which it derived from its past culture, history and civilization and that it supremely predominantly considers as Hindu and only that portion of medieval Islam is accepted which shows a certain degree of tolerance and harmonization with its culture. For the unconvinced here are some factual truths. :-

(a) All the names of strategic warships-cruise missiles-tanks –fighter jets and military regiments kept on the name of ancient mythological or real historical figures and kings like Chandragupta, Samudragupta or Arjun etc but there is hardly any name on Aurangzeb or Tughlaq or Iltutmish or even on Akbar –the great .

(b) Same with space related programs too where names are often kept on Sanskritic traditions like Aryabhatt or Chandrayan .Thus the secular India indirectly attest the popular impression that all intellectual work related with medicine or science done in ancient age while medieval age was only flooded with self-eulogicalizing autobiographies of illiterate Islamic kings whose works are hardly fit to be get suggested as a title tag for any modern work dealing with science or technology.

(c) All the characters in print comics like Lot Pot, Chandamama, Super Commando Dhruv, Nagraj or Billlu–Pinki ,Chacha Chaudhary there is one thing common i.e. they all belong to upper middle class Hindu background , there is hardly any Muslim superhero shown doing welfare for Indian people .

(d) Indian films since long ago stopped projecting the title name in Urdu at the starting of their movie.

(e) Ministry for external affair actively stepping up its diplomacy to make Hindi as one of
The official language of U.N but not Urdu

(f) All the inauguration functions even in govt. related public works starts with an age old auspicious Hindu tradition of smashing a coconut fruit or in some extreme case there is a full fledged ritual of reciting a Vedic hymns but no where we hear officials are following Islamic norms or any practice.

(g) Asoka empirical seal became a natural choice for the constitutional makers to mark it as national emblem as they found it more convincing to symbolize the idea of unified India. The signs and symbols of Islamic dynasties failed to appeal them.

(h) Post independence apart from restructuring and remodeling of Hindu temples the transliterations and translations of old empirical documents into English and Hindi done with same vigorous zeal.

The reactive fundamentalism emerged in early nineties in Hindus though showing a sign of fading up but it must be kept under regular watch however the inherent tendency of Muslims of looking towards west Asia every time for their evolution in legal jurisprudence or getting effected by the events taking place in those regions ,bandwagoning behind their newly formed religious parties or even doing a well integrated tactical voting and manipulating it as something showing tender support to secular parties remain unchanged. The intrinsically fundamentalist nature of their religion will keep them uprooted, identity less and moreover aggrieved (read as a sense of detachment from their ummah). It must be curbed with strong will and determination by politics in power for a safe future of India. Thus there can be countless of such observations which are un- evident to ordinary eyes but are shaping parts of larger contention. 

  Thus for largest minority the secular and democratic India remains an un-spacious territory and for majority the growing tendency of even regarding genuine secularism as pseudo secularism and hindrance to its authoritative morality is matter of grave concern. So the lawyers who were showing a victory sign and people who were feeling offended after delivery of bench judgment both trend but (not only one) is alarming and must invite our concern.

The major portion of Ayodhya suit dispute undoubtedly was to decide claim of title but it also had its religious and social implications .Those who denied this and questioned the rational reliability of judges in fact never observed the charged atmosphere of Court no. 21 of Lucknow bench, never witnessed the evidence (religious books and gazetteers along with legal journals) which was pressed at the dias, never heard the argument given by lawyers who were contending or ever been to a separately dedicated Ayodhya-Babri dispute section in Lucknow high court bench which almost taken shape of overstuffed mini library-and moreover failed to analyze that how a Gomati river in our city flow like a metaphoric boundary not only separating old and new area but is also the running fault line separating a two different ideologies trying to live in a space in which it is inconvenient to live together and its holds true for other part of country too.